Eliminating Spanning-tree with FabricPath (MAC-in-MAC Routing)

Hello everyone out there. It’s me again.

For more than 30 years the Spanning-Tree Protocol accompanied us through thick and thin along the datacenters. Network requirements also increased together with business requirements, and they become very high. So high that a loss of connectivity of a few seconds (due Spanning-Tree convergence) may have a huge impact in the productivity of our environment. We also should not forget about the ports in blocking state becomming an unused port of bandwidth within the network.

This is how Spanning-Tree helped us to solve many of the problems we had in the network.

In the picture below you can see 15 links accross the network. But only five are being used, the rest of the links will be in blocking state at one end of the connection.

Therefore a few new drafts (Around 2010) has been increated in order to overcome this difficulties. One of them is FabricPath.

Some of the befenits of FP:

  • ECMP
  • No bandwidth restrictions due a sub-optimal path
  • more granular traffic engineering
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Point-to-Point links with /31 – RFC-3021

Hello everyone! Today something old… but anyway interesting.

We know since last century that we will not have enough IPv4 addresses to satisfiy all our needs. Therefore some guys proposed twenty years ago in RFC-3021 a way to conserve the amount of public addresses. Link to RFC-3021.

Lets see a comparison for better understanding and to realize the purpose of it.

Bit prefixesAmount of IP-AddressesAmount of hostAmount of subnet within /24
/304264
/3122128

We clearly see that using a /31 we will be able to double the amount of point-to-point links that we can create. This demonstrate the inefficiency of running PTP-Links using a /30-bit prefix. This is very important to consider if you have a limited amount of public IPv4 addresses.

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